Literacy and First Graders Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Education and First Graders - Essay Example Taking a gander at education and perusing preparation at the scholarly and academic level, it is a lot simpler to see the current issues and worries in writing. Pre-perusing abilities are as of now viewed as of the most significant in kids figuring out how to peruse rapidly and effectively. These abilities incorporate, however are not restricted to locate attention to letters and regular words, phonemic mindfulness, essential cognizance, composing aptitudes, jargon, and word assault aptitudes. Sight mindfulness recommends that kids can completely perceive all letters in both lower and capitalized shapes, and can perceive straightforward and normal words (the, at, apple) routinely, with no help. This is maybe the most vital of all pre-understanding aptitudes, since kids utilize this base to construct jargon. Phonemic mindfulness is a kid's comprehension of what sounds a letter or a couple of letters makes, and how it can change from circumstance to circumstance. This acknowledgment makes it workable for kids to connect a composed and an expressed word in their psyche. Essential appreciation manages a youngster understanding what they have per used or had perused to them, and ready to talk about what they have recently perused or heard. Fundamental appreciation aptitudes are basic for effective perusers, since it isn't the capacity to peruse a word, rather the capacity to comprehend the word that is being tried. Composing aptitudes are considered pre-understanding abilities, since they assist youngsters with building up a physical comprehension of how words are framed, and how letters are shaped. Alongside essential cognizance, composing is utilized to decide a kid's proficiency rate, instead of fundamentally improve their capacity to peruse. While expanded perusing has been demonstrated to improve composing aptitudes, there have been no ongoing examinations proposing that the inverse is valid. Jargon is the words that a kid knows, which help them to disentangle words that they are new to. The more noteworthy a kid's jargon, the more prominent possibility they have of being fruitful in understanding another word or though t. Jargon is manufactured both through effective understanding abilities, and through cognizance of stories both read by the kid and read to the kid. At long last, word assault aptitudes are the youngster's capacity to take a gander at a word and to effectively unravel its importance, in the setting where it has been introduced. The additionally ready to assault a word a youngster is, the more noteworthy possibility they have of succeeding. These abilities are on the whole fundamental pre-understanding aptitudes, and are introduced in Tivnan and Hemphill's 2005 investigation of proficiency programs in high neediness regions. By taking a gander at youngsters from high destitution territories, and from minority gatherings, obviously proficiency is as yet an essential worry for the instructive network. Kids from low financial classes, especially those from minority families, are in danger of creating poor education aptitudes. These youngsters enter school with less early proficiency preparing, and are bound to leave grade school with a lacking capacity to peruse (Tivnan and Hemphill, 2005). Plainly, early prologue to pre-understanding aptitudes and proficiency battles has a critical effect in youngsters' capacity to exceed expectations at the understanding assignment. Kids from poor

Rational Organization

Presentation From my own understanding, reasonability is the sort of reasoning that a gathering of individuals or an individual wish to need to accomplish their objectives on the off chance that they are aware of their eventual benefits. Believing is about the objectives, convictions, and choices that people and associations have. Levelheaded convictions are intelligent instead of opposing, however they should coordinate the person’s experience. The conduct ought to be planned for accomplishing some goals.Advertising We will compose a custom book audit test on Rational Organization explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Decision-production is significant, and it ought to be founded on assessment of the expense and the advantages of the conduct. Choices, which bring about more addition than torment, are liked. In conclusion, levelheadedness includes utility amplification, the push to limit misfortunes or drawbacks and increment the points of interest. The inquir y whether practices and structures of an association are judicious or not has been a disputable issue. Utilizing crafted by Weber; DiMaggio and Powell, the paper will talk about contrasts observations and their commitments of associations to settling on less or increasingly nonsensical choices by people (Handel 243). Numerous individuals tend to see their own activities, words, and musings as sound and consider different people’s perspectives and discernments as unreasonable. Unreasonable activities and sentiments are those that emerge from deficient thinking, passionate trouble, and lacking musings. Associations are principally intended to accomplish explicit objectives. As indicated by Handel (244), associations are social structures framed by a gathering of individuals, working under severe standards and guidelines with the point of meeting certain targets. Associations include intentional, purposeful, and cognizant collaboration among the individuals. The inquiry whether practices and structures of an association are balanced or not has been a dubious issue. Utilizing crafted by Weber; DiMaggio and Powell, the paper will examine commitments of associations to settling on less or increasingly silly choices by individuals. Legitimization Weber features in the â€Å"Protestant Ethics and the Spirit of Capitalism† that individuals are detained by realist request forced by private enterprise, which turns into their iron enclosure. In his organization hypothesis, he contends that levelheadedness is an amazing and productive method of controlling human beings.Advertising Looking for book audit on sociologies? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More After its foundation, the intensity of administration isn't reversible. Social orders have been spooky by the representation of iron pen in view of increment in spread of administration. Hierarchical justification must, notwithstanding, change despite th e fact that the spread of organization expanded broadly eight years after arrival of Max Webber’s documentations. As indicated by Webber, there are three fundamental driver of organization, so there is an expanded requirement for pioneers to control residents, states, and markets in contending entrepreneur social orders, just as interest for balance by center classmen. Webber brings up rivalry in the market as the primary driver of administration (Handel 244). DiMaggio and Powell contend that Weber’s presumptions ought to be concentrated again in light of the fact that justification and administration causes have changed. States and partnerships have accomplished bureaucratization. Administration is as yet the basic type of association however organizations are homogeneous. A large portion of the associations have comparative attributes Efficiency and rivalry are not the primary driver of authoritative changes in structure. Procedures that occur in ventures and adminis tration make associations proficient and comparable. Comparative methodology are trailed by associations. The researchers contend that hierarchical fields cause bureaucratization and other comparative attributes in associations. A hierarchical field is bunch associations that structure a perceived establishment. Hierarchical field incorporates assets, items, administrative offices, buyers, key providers, and different associations creating comparable items and administrations. Callings and state additionally add to the procedure. These have been the fundamental hierarchical supports in the twentieth century. Hierarchical fields, which are all around organized, give a decent domain wherein the endeavors of a person to sanely manage requirements and vulnerabilities lead to add up to homogeneity in yield, culture, and structure (Handel 244). Most present day speculations clarify various activities of associations just as conduct and auxiliary contrasts among them. Hannan and Freeman ne eded to give the response to the inquiry why there existed numerous associations. Handel (244) tries to give answers to homogeneity in structures and practices of associations however not varieties. Authoritative fields show contrasts in structure and approach in the underlying stages.Advertising We will compose a custom book survey test on Rational Organization explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More After its foundation, fields steadily become homogeneous. Winnowing, improvement of emergency clinic, and radio enterprises can outline this supposition. In the above circles, structurization develops. In addition, the associations become homogenized. The state and rivalry structure associations working on organizations, which are made comparable by ground-breaking powers. New practices received and objectives altered structure new associations. Developments are planned for improving the presentation of business. Balanced systems in an association might be unreasonable w henever embraced by different organizations. Isomorphism is utilized in depiction of homogenization process. A limiting procedure propels a hierarchical unit to embrace methodologies like those of different units presented to comparable ecological conditions. The drive toward closeness is alluded to as isomorphism. There are two primary sorts, institutional, and serious. Serious isomorphism is related with crafted by Hannan and Freeman. The three fundamental systems behind changes in institutional isomorphism incorporate coercive isomorphism, mimetic isomorphism, and regularizing isomorphism. Coercive isomorphism is pressure from the contenders to which the association being referred to is oppressed. For instance, legislative commands starting from budgetary prerequisites and agreement law might be given (Handel 245). Associations inside the equivalent land districts will in general be homogeneous in light of the fact that they share comparable ceremonies. Little associations are ex ceptionally influenced by huge companies. Mimetic isomorphism is simply the stretch out to which an association molds itself like different associations. Associations will in general shape themselves like organizations that have been fruitful or those that they believe are legitimate to them. Individuals may likewise realize changes and experts who moved into the association by starting changes, they think, might be an advantage to the association. Callings apply standardizing isomorphism strain to an association. For instance, representatives with comparative instructive status will in general handle issues in comparative ways. They have the propensity of bringing in and pushing standards that are fundamental in the association so specific structures and schedules are embraced. Similarities in associations are reinforced by socialization. Likenesses between the three procedures make it feasible for simple cooperation between associations. This aides in foundation of authenticity in associations (Handel 247).Advertising Searching for book survey on sociologies? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Find out More Max Webber built up a hypothesis of power structures, which depicts exercises in the association dependent on lawful position. For this situation, the subjects ought to obey rules instituted by individuals in power. He contends that specialists are built up by building structures, dynamic, and undertaking obligations. The creator characterizes the force and authority that an individual have in the association as a judicious lawful position. Weber brings up that reasonable legitimate authority ought not be founded on character of an individual, societal position, or riches. Administration is created by this force. The primary distinction is that Weber worries of administration as the reason for comparability in associations though DiMaggio and Powell contends that organization has experienced changes (Handel 17). Weber’s perfect standards remember division of work for his hypothesis. Obligations are separated into normal, all around characterized, and credited to basic employme nts. The initiative structure is chain of command, in which lower workplaces are constrained by higher workplaces. Specialized standards or rules are applied to control the conduct of individuals. Unique preparing is required if use of the standards isn't sane. Determination of individuals is formal. Specialized capabilities are a significant deciding variable in determination of individuals. People designated to serve in authentic positions must have specialized capabilities. Sound majority rules system requires regulatory individuals to be totally isolated from responsibility for and creation implies. Rules, choices, and demonstrations of organization are recorded down for reference. After oral conversation, choices showed up at ought to be put down in a composed record. This incorporates recommendations, starter and official conclusions just as rules and requests. The workplace is made out of constant activity and composed records by authorities. Laborers, workers, and authoritie s in the association don't claim non-human creation and organization implies. Authorities should represent them unmistakably. The normal conviction between the two creators is that they faith in similitude (Handel 18). End Weber contends that organization is the most perceived type of practicing lawful expert in the

Yellow, Blue, Green, and Red

Yellow, Blue, Green, and Red Maseeh Hall has been my home here at MIT for the last four years, including this year, my final one at this esteemed institute. Not only have I lived in the same dorm for four years but I have lived on the same floor for four years and in the exact same room for three. Despite the fact that most of the freshmen who are placed in Maseeh end up moving out, I have somehow become one of those crusty seniors who still haunts these hallways. In an effort to spice up the recurring blandness of Maseeh’s white, white walls, my roommate and I have taken it upon ourselves to overhaul the room’s furniture arrangement and decorative ambiance. The room is still “under construction”, but I first wanted to give a shout out to an amazing program at MIT that has facilitated our efforts. Through the MIT List Visual Arts Center’s Student Loan Art Program (which I literally just now realized has the coolest and most irrelevant acronym: SLAP), both undergraduate and graduate students have the opportunity to borrow and hang framed, original works of art from MIT’s collection in their room at absolutely no cost. According to the MIT List center’s website, this is a tradition that has been going on since 1969! So how does it work? 1. Gaze in wonder at the 600+ works of art at the Student Loan Art Program exhibition. Yes, that does seem to be a photograph of a human hand with legs sticking out of it. Even if you arent going to borrow anything, or if you dont end up winning the lottery, the exhibition is still a great place to wander through. Its a pretty eclectic collection of photographs, paintings, prints, and other mixed media forms of art, so you never know what youll stumble upon. More art! 2. Ruminate on the intangible, soul-touching beauty of art. 3. Select up to 5 of your favorite pieces that you might want to stare at for the next 9 months. 4. Enter the lottery. This is where you electronically rank your top 5 choices They randomly select students via lottery and when you are selected, they go down your list of top 5 choies and match you with the first one that is available. 5. Receive art! (hopefully). If you win the lottery, you get to go back to the exhibition and take the art youve been assigned straight off the wall. Over half of the art had already been retrieved by the time I popped in to collect my own piece. This was my first year testing my luck in the lottery (only my second year having heard of this program), and I was fortunate enough to get my first choice! The big reveal: gaze upon its abstract magnificence. And yes, this was originally a snapchat (courtesy of Dora 18) that I turned into a gif so, pardon the shakiness. Here is a motionless version of Low Sun by Jack Bush (1971). We haven’t quite gotten around to hanging it up yet (it’s been a busy few weeks) so the framed print is currently inhabiting a cozy corner by the door in our room. Despite this, it still adds a much needed pop of color to our room. The thing about art that I find so amazing is that for most of the day, it just sits there like a rock, quiet and unassuming, but when someone deigns to give it more than just a passing glance, it can transform into something so much more fulfilling and meaningful. I’m not even going to pretend that I understand what is going on in Low Sun, but in the end, that doesn’t really matter. What matters is that when I look at it, I can find some form of enjoyment in the visual experience, and I can find colorful peace in the few stolen moments I have with it out of the exhausting grey blur that many of my days have become. Borrowing and hanging up a single piece of art might seem like a trivial thing in the grand scheme of my time here at MIT, but I think the little things in life deserve recognition too. Art provides an important experience for us all that psets and academic pursuits cannot. Sometimes we get so caught up in our lives that we forget this. That MIT has created a program which facilitates the sharing and daily appreciation of art in our own living spaces is a beautiful thing.

Yellow, Blue, Green, and Red

Yellow, Blue, Green, and Red Maseeh Hall has been my home here at MIT for the last four years, including this year, my final one at this esteemed institute. Not only have I lived in the same dorm for four years but I have lived on the same floor for four years and in the exact same room for three. Despite the fact that most of the freshmen who are placed in Maseeh end up moving out, I have somehow become one of those crusty seniors who still haunts these hallways. In an effort to spice up the recurring blandness of Maseeh’s white, white walls, my roommate and I have taken it upon ourselves to overhaul the room’s furniture arrangement and decorative ambiance. The room is still “under construction”, but I first wanted to give a shout out to an amazing program at MIT that has facilitated our efforts. Through the MIT List Visual Arts Center’s Student Loan Art Program (which I literally just now realized has the coolest and most irrelevant acronym: SLAP), both undergraduate and graduate students have the opportunity to borrow and hang framed, original works of art from MIT’s collection in their room at absolutely no cost. According to the MIT List center’s website, this is a tradition that has been going on since 1969! So how does it work? 1. Gaze in wonder at the 600+ works of art at the Student Loan Art Program exhibition. Yes, that does seem to be a photograph of a human hand with legs sticking out of it. Even if you arent going to borrow anything, or if you dont end up winning the lottery, the exhibition is still a great place to wander through. Its a pretty eclectic collection of photographs, paintings, prints, and other mixed media forms of art, so you never know what youll stumble upon. More art! 2. Ruminate on the intangible, soul-touching beauty of art. 3. Select up to 5 of your favorite pieces that you might want to stare at for the next 9 months. 4. Enter the lottery. This is where you electronically rank your top 5 choices They randomly select students via lottery and when you are selected, they go down your list of top 5 choies and match you with the first one that is available. 5. Receive art! (hopefully). If you win the lottery, you get to go back to the exhibition and take the art youve been assigned straight off the wall. Over half of the art had already been retrieved by the time I popped in to collect my own piece. This was my first year testing my luck in the lottery (only my second year having heard of this program), and I was fortunate enough to get my first choice! The big reveal: gaze upon its abstract magnificence. And yes, this was originally a snapchat (courtesy of Dora 18) that I turned into a gif so, pardon the shakiness. Here is a motionless version of Low Sun by Jack Bush (1971). We haven’t quite gotten around to hanging it up yet (it’s been a busy few weeks) so the framed print is currently inhabiting a cozy corner by the door in our room. Despite this, it still adds a much needed pop of color to our room. The thing about art that I find so amazing is that for most of the day, it just sits there like a rock, quiet and unassuming, but when someone deigns to give it more than just a passing glance, it can transform into something so much more fulfilling and meaningful. I’m not even going to pretend that I understand what is going on in Low Sun, but in the end, that doesn’t really matter. What matters is that when I look at it, I can find some form of enjoyment in the visual experience, and I can find colorful peace in the few stolen moments I have with it out of the exhausting grey blur that many of my days have become. Borrowing and hanging up a single piece of art might seem like a trivial thing in the grand scheme of my time here at MIT, but I think the little things in life deserve recognition too. Art provides an important experience for us all that psets and academic pursuits cannot. Sometimes we get so caught up in our lives that we forget this. That MIT has created a program which facilitates the sharing and daily appreciation of art in our own living spaces is a beautiful thing.

The Big Bang Theory The Chumash, Japanese, And The Chinese

Humans all around the world may be curious about how life started in the past. One might believe some type of god brought them here, while the average geologist would think the big bang theory began the outline of life. There are several stories on how the creation of life began, including: the Chumash, Japanese, and the Chinese. The Chumash creation story began with the indigenous population from Southern California. The Chumash story included the spotted woodpecker, the nephew of Kaqunupenawa, and the Sun God. The woodpecker notices increase rate of water and flew to the highest tree branch available. As the woodpecker dealt with constant starvation, the Sun God gave up several acorns. Soon after as the flood stopped, a meeting began with the Sun God, the Morning Star, the Moon, and Slo’w the Great Eagle about populating earth with new people. This may sound unrealistic for an animal, a star, a â€Å"Sun† God to meet up and discuss the creation of new people. The Eart h Goddess, Hutash, created too large of a population and had no choice, but to send some people to the mainland. Hutash created a rainbow bridge, Wishtoyo, so that the people could walk across. However, several fell off the bridge, but Hutash turned them into dolphins to prevent them from drowning. Ever since, the Chumash viewed the dolphins as family since they were all once the same. This creation story was incredibly interesting but awkward at the same time. An animal, star, and Sun God meeting meeting up to

Critical Analysis Of Heart Of Darkness - 1107 Words

Steven Serrano Ms.Leblanc AP Lit 2 25 September 2017 Heart of Darkness Inner evil Heart of Darkness, a novel written by Joseph Conrad, tells the story of a character named Marlow, who is recalling his journey to Africa down the Congo River to a group of seamen on a boat. Joseph Conrad’s characters are constructed around the ideas that were present in society when the novel was written. Kurtz and Marlow are created to be naive and to allow action to be the truest medium to characterize the cast in Conrad’s novel. As Marlow poses a inner darkness that is discovered on journey looking for kurtz. As kurtz has already revealed who he is by discovering himself. Marlow can be read as an extreme of Kurtz, as they share the same†¦show more content†¦As Marlow talks about kurtz s he describes it to similar view of inferno â€Å"You should have heard him say, My ivory. Oh, yes, I heard him. My Intended, my ivory, my station, my river, my - .. many powers of darkness claimed him for their own. That was the reflection that made you creepy all over. It was impossible — it was not good for one either - trying to imagine. He had taken a high seat amongst the devils of the land - I mean literally (49). As this falls in the category of avarious. Avarious is the fourth circle of hell. Basically saying their is a part that makes us desire even though our heart is not glowing bright and is instead in dark. Showing contrast darkness against light. Basically their discovering another part of their darkness. As kurtz discovered he was avaricious now marlow is seeing and hearing reactions of the others as ivory is spoken of. Through the novel kurtz and marlow mention ivory allot. As kurtz is one best agents employed at ivory station in center heart of congo. That is said he has an unrivaled ability to obtain the ivory. As Marlow meets kurtz he is considered notable man because kurtz is savvy knows that darkness and evil is within him and the rest of the work. As restated in the novel by Dowden â€Å" Depth to which man is capab le of sinking†(159). Finding one true self is basically one sinking in the darkness around him and giving into the darkness. During the time living what they callShow MoreRelatedHeart Of Darkness Critical Analysis1409 Words   |  6 Pagesof his kids and ill wife with. Information about the literary period: The literary period was early modernism. Modernism refers to the forms, concepts, and style of literature in the early decades of the 20th. Characteristics of the genre: Heart of Darkness is a frame narrative, which means a story within a story. The story is seen from the Conrad’s perspective. To some, this story is said to be more symbolic than realistic. Plot Summary: The story starts off with Marlow, a mariner, goes off onRead MoreHeart Of Darkness Critical Analysis1980 Words   |  8 PagesThe legacy of Heart of Darkness is credited more to Joseph Conrad’s ensnaring form than his message. Readers enamored with the first few pages of â€Å" still and exquisite brilliance† as an unnamed Narrator drifts down the Thames at the helm of a yacht are unceremoniously thrust into a framed narrative of a man who ventures in and out of the heart of the Congo (Conrad 4). Marlow begins his tale by suggesting that England too, was once a dark place to be conquered. â€Å"The conquest of the earth is notRead MoreThings Fall Apart, And The Heart Of Darkness1518 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction The following essay will contain a critical analysis of two passages from Things Fall Apart, and the Heart of Darkness. I will compare and contrast the narrative structure, the language used and the themes explored. Through this critical analysis, we can gain a better understanding of the two extracts, each one helping to illuminate the other. The passages I will be analysing are: Things Fall Apart, Chinua Achebe, Page 124 Heart of Darkness, Joseph Conrad, Page 116-117 Narrative StructureRead MoreGender Role In Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness Essay1430 Words   |  6 PagesGender Role In Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness For the most part people who read Heart of Darkness by Joseph Conrad may feel that the novella is strictly a story of exploration and racial discrimination. But to Johanna Smith who wrote â€Å"’Too Beautiful Altogether’: Ideologies of Gender and Empire in Heart of Darkness† it is much more than that. Johanna Smith along with Wallace Watson and Rita A. Bergenholtz agree that throughout Heart of Darkness there are tones of gender prejudice, but the wayRead More Colonialism and Imperialism in Heart of Darkness and A Passage to India1683 Words   |  7 Pagesis best to analyze the works, Heart of Darkness and A Passage to India, applying the historical and cultural conditions of the society in which they were produced. The relations between groups and classes of people that imperialism sets up, and that these two works explore, starkly reveals the contradictions within capitalism in a way that a similar piece of fiction set within one culture and dealing with chara cters from that culture alone cannot. Prior to the analysis however, I would like to giveRead More Light and Dark in Apocalypse Now and Heart of Darkness Essay1677 Words   |  7 PagesNow and Heart of Darkness    In Joseph Conrads Heart of Darkness, Marlow chooses a brighter path than his counterpart in Francis Ford Coppolas Apocalypse Now, Capt. Willard. The two share in the duty of searching for and discovering Kurtz, as well as taking care of his memory, but their beliefs before encountering him place the characters at opposing ends of a theme. These opposing ends are light and dark, representing good and evil. In the opening pages of Heart of Darkness, Marlow beginsRead More Ambiguities Explored in Joseph Conrads Heart of Darkness Essay1458 Words   |  6 PagesAmbiguities Explored in Heart of Darkness   Ã‚  Ã‚   Literature is never interpreted in exactly the same way by two different readers. A prime example of a work of literature that is very ambiguous is Joseph Conrads, Heart of Darkness. The Ambiguities that exist in this book are Marlows relationship to colonialism, Marlows changing feelings toward Kurtz, and Marlows lie to the Intended at the end of the story.    One interpretation of Marlows relationship to colonialism is thatRead More Humanity of the Primitive in Heart of Darkness, Dialect of Modernism and Totem and Taboo1593 Words   |  7 PagesHumanity of the Primitive in Heart of Darkness, Dialect of Modernism and Totem and Taboo   Ã‚  Ã‚   The ways in which a society might define itself are almost always negative ways. We are not X. A society cannot exist in a vacuum; for it to be distinct it must be able to define itself in terms of the other groups around it. These definitions must necessarily take place at points of cultural contact, the places at which two societies come together and arrive at some stalemate of coexistence. ForRead MoreInternet: A Cancer to the Brain926 Words   |  4 Pagespotential. As media evolves, people are better off at acquiring materials easily and effectively. However, even with access to materials that are difficult to attain in most libraries, students are becoming mere decoders of information rather than critical thinkers ready to learn something new. Just like Pinker states in his passage, â€Å"If you train people to do one thing, they get better at doing that thing, but almost nothing else† (526, par. 7) Since the internet provides what we are looking for inRead MoreAnalysis of Sylvia Plaths Mirror1281 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Analysis of Sylvia Plath’s â€Å"Mirror† Sylvia Plath is known as the poet of confession. Her life is strongly connected to her works. She uses poetry as a way to confess her feelings, to express and release her pain in life. â€Å"Mirror† is one of her most famous poems. Sylvia Plath wrote the poem in 1961, just two years before her actual suicide. After suffering a miscarriage, she realized that she was pregnant again. She and her husband moved to a small town and their marriage began going worse. The

Brochure Free Essays

Brittany Laurenzo Gopher Tortoise Habitat An experiment was performed involving Gopher tortoises and determining whether tortoises are only found in abundant non-woody vegetation. This experiment was tested to see if there was validity to the statement. Gopher tortoises can be found in the Southeastern United States and prefer areas with abundant non-woody plants. We will write a custom essay sample on Brochure or any similar topic only for you Order Now These plants are what the tortoises eat so naturally there burrows can be found in areas with abundant food. The prediction was that Tortoises require non-woody plants as food; therefore tortoises will locate their burrows in areas with abundant food. The results of the experiment seemed to agree with the hypothesis. The average showed that 77. 5% of tortoises in an occupied area contained non woody vegetation compared to the 22. 5% of woody vegetation. When it comes to tortoises there are many issues when it comes to a tortoise’s habitat and the decline of a species. Many factors such as environmental pollution, global climate change, introduced invasive species, disease, and unsustainable harvesting contribute to these declines. As with amphibians, habitat degradation is the primary cause of reptile declines. There has not been much research performed when it comes to Gopher tortoises. The objective of this study was to confirm that where you can abundantly find the most Gopher tortoises is in abundant non-woody vegetation. Similar research shows that habitat use within gopher tortoises’ home ranges was generally in proportion to the amounts of habitat available, except that gopher tortoises used swales and disturbed areas (e. g. , grassy, mowed road shoulders, pastures, citrus groves, and firebreaks) less than expected based on availability. For this experiment the study was done at the Preserve facility at Florida Atlantic University. Once in the preserve we worked in groups of three to five students. To perform the following experiment we selected PVC square in two different areas. A part of the experiment is to analyze the different PVC squares in both locations. Analyze the vegetation within your PVC square by estimating the percentage of non-woody and woody plants. Finally, we recorded the data as percentages of woody vegetation compared to non woody vegetation. The results showed that on average the tortoises in an occupied area were 77. 5% non-woody vegetation compared to a 22. 5% woody vegetation. In the areas that were not occupied by tortoises were 95. 5% woody vegetation compared to a 4. 5% non woody vegetation. Quadrat Type| % Woody Vegetation| % Non Woody Vegetation| Average| In tortoise occupied area| 75%; 20%; 10%; 15%; 5%; 10%| 25%; 80%; 90%; 85%;95%;90%| 22. 5% vs. 77. 5%| In area not occupied by tortoises| 90%;100%;2%;95%;3%;95%| 0%; 98%; 5%; 95%; 5%; 10%| 95. 5% vs. 4. 5%| The data does seem to support the hypothesis. The active tortoise occupied area was a majority between 80-95% non woody vegetation. I do not think this evidence validates the hypothesis because the research is limited. We did not actually see the tortoises in the active occupied tortoise area. Also some other questions to think about is how fresh is the vegetation, what type of vegetation do the turtles prefer, how many burrow are there actively occupies. Another useful tool that should have been used for this experiment is repetition. Each group should have had to repeat the experiment more than once and look at all 6 quadrants instead of everyone just choosing one quadrant to observe. In conclusion the data did support the hypothesis however there was not enough evidence to actually support the prediction that was made. References 1. http://www. fs. fed. us/database/feis/animals/reptile/gopo/all. html#BIOLOGICAL DATA AND HABITAT REQUIREMENTS 2. http://link. springer. com/article/10. 1007%2FBF00056130? LI=true How to cite Brochure, Papers